A Geospatial Analysis of Seasonal Variation of Nitrogen Dioxide Concentrations from Winter to Rainy Season at District Level in Uttar Pradesh

This geospatial analysis examines the seasonal variation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations at the district level in Uttar Pradesh. The study utilizes data from the Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI instrument, known for its highresolution measurements of atmospheric pollutants. The data collection spans the winter months of November, December, January, and February, as well as the rainy season months of June, July, August, and September. The analysis reveals distinct spatial patterns in NO2 concentrations, as indicated by the Global Moran's I Summary results. The obtained z-scores of 10.270855 suggest a significant departure from random chance, demonstrating the presence of spatial autocorrelation. This indicates that areas with similar NO2 concentrations tend to be clustered together. Furthermore, an examination of NO2 change across districts highlights the magnitude and direction of change. Negative NO2 change values are observed in most districts, indicating a decrease in NO2 concentrations compared to the baseline. The identification of hot spots (districts with higher NO2 concentrations) and cold spots (districts with lower NO2 concentrations) provides valuable insights into spatial variations in air pollution. These findings contribute to our understanding of the seasonal dynamics of NO2 concentrations in Uttar Pradesh. They have implications for policymakers and environmental agencies in implementing targeted strategies to mitigate air pollution and improve air quality in the region. Further research should focus on identifying the specific sources and factors contributing to the observed spatial patterns, as well as assessing the potential health and environmental impacts associated with NO2 concentrations