Analysis of Cassia Fistula for the evaluation of medicine and microbial activity in Bahawalpur

Different methanol extracts of Cassia fistula were used for preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis, antibacterial, anti-urease and α-Glucosidase activities. All the extracts were found active and showed positive results for qualitative phytochemical substances. The seed and flower showed positive result for all test of protein, reducing sugar, carbohydrates, flavonoids, saponnins, glycosides, terpenoids and amino acids except phenol, glycosides and steroids while Leaves and barks showed positive results for reducing sugar, carbohydrates, glycosides and amino acid. The flowers showed maximum zone of inhibition 20mm against Klebsiella pneumonia and minimum zone of inhibition 10mm against Staphylococcus. The leaves showed maximum 18mm against Klebsiella pneumonia and minimum 14mm against Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli. The bark showed maximum 17mm against Staphylococcus and minimum 13mm against Escherichia coli. The seed were found little active and showed maximum 15mm as compared with solvent 13.5mm against Escherichia coli. While against other pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosai the seed were found inactive. The Inhibition studies of urease enzyme were observed at 0.5 mg/mL concentration. The CFA extract showed maximum urease activity with percentage inhibition of 94.52±0.73, IC5018.15±0.39 µg/mL and least inhibitory activity was observed In CFD with 91.57±0.68, IC50 25.24±0.43 µg/mL, While CFB and CFC respectively showed 93.27±0.47, IC50 26.27±0.25 µg/mL and 92.31±0.58, IC50 37.42±0.29 µg/mL percentage of inhibition. The methanol extract of CFA, CFB and CFC effect on α-Glucosidase showed almost equal percentage of inhibition 87.3±1.6, 87.3±1.7 and 87.2±1.4 respectively at 1.0 mg/mL concentration, while the CFD showed least percentage of inhibition 76.4±1.5 against α-Glucosidase. All the extracts of CFA, CFB, CFC and CFD showed IC50 value of 53.6±1.3, 51.8±1.5 and 47.9±1.2 and 184.7±1.2 µg/mL percentage inhibitions respectively. The Acarbose was used as positive control and showed 65.7±1.9 mM, IC50 375.8±1.7 µM percent inhibition activity