Influence of selenium deficiency on the development of thyroid disorders - a literature review

Chmura Anna, Baciur Patrycja, Skowrońska Katarzyna, Białas Filip, Pondel Kamil. Influence of selenium deficiency on the development of thyroid disorders - a literature review. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2022;12(9):525-531. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.09.062 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/39718 https://zenodo.org/record/7057159 The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 21, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 21 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe: Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu). © The Authors 2022; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 21.08.2022. Revised: 02.09.2022. Accepted: 07.09.2022. Influence of selenium deficiency on the development of thyroid disorders - a literature review Anna Chmura, Patrycja Baciur, Katarzyna Skowrońska, Filip Białas, Kamil Pondel Anna Chmura, chmura.anna96@gmail.com ; Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia Street 6, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland Patrycja Baciur, patrycjabaciur@gmail.com ; Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia Street 6, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland Katarzyna Skowrońska, skowro4@gmail.com ; Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia Street 6, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland Filip Białas, cdomix@gmail.com ; Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia Street 6, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland Kamil Pondel, pondelkml@gmail.com ; Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia Street 6, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland ABSTRACT: Introduction and purpose: Selenium is essential for the proper course of many physiological and biochemical processes in the human body. It plays a large role in ensuring proper immunoendocrine function. The organ with the greatest amount of selenium per gram of tissue is the thyroid gland. This element builds enzymes involved in antioxidant processes - peroxidase, as well as deiodinases involved in the metabolism of thyroid hormones. There are scientific reports showing a beneficial effect of selenium supplementation in autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland. The aim of this study is to summarize the current knowledge on the relationship between selenium deficiency and the development of thyroid dysfunction. Description of the state of knowledge: There is a correlation between selenium deficiency and the functioning of the thyroid gland. It has been shown that selenium levels are often lowered in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Research shows that selenium supplementation may lower TPOAb and TgAb antibody levels in patients with Hashimoto's disease. In patients with Graves' orbitopathy, administration of selenium resulted in delayed progression of orbitopathy and less disease severity. There are reports that supplementation with this element may also increase the effectiveness of antithyroid drugs in patients with Graves-Basedow disease. There was also an association between selenium deficiency and the development of goiter and thyroid nodules. Conclusions: Selenium plays an important role in the proper functioning of the thyroid gland. Although the specific role of selenium in the pathogenesis of thyroid disease is still under investigation, there are numerous reports saying that its deficiency may affect it. More research is needed on the relationship between selenium concentration and the regulation of thyroid function, because introducing it into the treatment regimen of thyroid disorders may give hope for better therapeutic effects. Key words: selenium, thyroid, selenium deficiency, thyroid disorder