SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE TRANSLATION OF NEOLOGISMS

Abstract: From the analysis of the definitions of the concept of “neologism” by various researchers, two points of view become obvious, consisting in the fact that the term “neologism” is applied as to neoplasms, that is, to newly created on the material of the language, in full accordance with the word-formation models existing in the language, words or phrases denoting a new, previously unknown, non-existent concept, subject, branch of science, occupation, profession, etc., for example, reactor – nuclear reactor, biocide – biological warfare, etc., and actually neologisms, that is, newly created synonyms for a word already available in the language to denote a known concept, which, however, convey connotative shades, i.e. the accompanying semantic and stylistic shades of the word, which are superimposed on its main meaning, as well as to words in a new meaning, for example, the word boffin (a scientist engaged in secret work, most often for military purposes) is a close synonym of the word scientist, but has a different semantic connotation