Pattern and Factors of Renal Disease Among Children Admitted in a Tertiary Level Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Introduction: Renal diseases in children can be congenital or acquired. In Bangladesh, pediatric nephrology care is available for last 2 decades, but there was no epidemiological study to see the pattern and factors of renal diseases in children of the country. So, this study was carried out to observe the pattern and factors of renal diseases in children of pediatric nephrology centers of Dhaka city. Objective: This study was conducted to find out the pattern and factors of renal diseases among children admitted in a tertiary level hospital (Dhaka Shishu Hospital), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted for a period of four months using data was collected from the Secondary data. Results: In an inpatient department among 41 patients, 22(52.50 %) were male and 19 (47.50%) were female. Most common renal disease, Nephrotic syndrome were 23 (55%), Chronic Kidney Disease 6 (15%), Glomerulonephritis 3 (7.5%) and Acute Kidney Injury 5 (12.5%). Other less common renal disorders include Obstructive Uropathy and Urinary Tract Infection were 2 (5%) respectively. Common symptom were edema (37.5%), oliguria or anuria (27.5%) and proteinuria (25%). Most common pattern of patients were Minimal Change Disease (MCD) 13 (32.5%), Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) 11 (27.5%) and Membranous Nephropathy 6 (15%) respectively and most common factors birth defect and hereditary disease 90%. Conclusion: The current pattern of renal diseases shows that the most common renal diseases are NS followed by CKD and UTI and most common pattern of IPD patients were MCD then FSGS and most common factors birth defect and hereditary disease. In the study, male patients are more common than female