Input files of various genomic analyses used to unravel the domestication history of Cannabis

Cannabis sativa has long been an important source of fiber extracted from hemp and both medicinal and recreational drugs based on cannabinoid compounds. Here, we investigated its poorly known domestication history using whole-genome resequencing of 110 accessions from worldwide origins. We show that C. sativa was first domesticated in early Neolithic times in East Asia and that all current hemp and drug cultivars diverged from an ancestral gene pool currently represented by feral plants and landraces in China. We identified candidate genes associated with traits differentiating hemp and drug cultivars, including branching pattern and cellulose/ lignin biosynthesis. We also found evidence for loss of function of genes involved in the synthesis of the two major biochemically competing cannabinoids during selection for increased fiber production or psychoactive properties. Our results provide a unique global view of the domestication of C. sativa and offer valuable genomic resources for ongoing functional and molecular breeding research.Funding provided by: Swiss National Science FoundationCrossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001711Award Number: 31003A_130234Funding provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaCrossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809Award Number: 31971391Funding provided by: Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of SciencesCrossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/NoneAward Number: XDB31010300Funding provided by: Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) ProgramCrossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number: 2019QZKK050