Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – aetiology, diagnostics and multidirectional, team, long-term care

Tuzim Kamila, Tuzim Tomasz, Urbańczuk Magdalena, Urbańczuk Marcin, Schab Katarzyna. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – aetiology, diagnostics and multidirectional, team, long-term care. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(8):650-657. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1343951 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5793 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2018; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.08.2018. Revised: 03.08.2018. Accepted: 11.08.2018. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – aetiology, diagnostics and multidirectional, team, long-term care Kamila Tuzima, Tomasz Tuzimb, Magdalena Urbańczukc, Marcin Urbańczukd, Katarzyna Schabe aChair and Department of Clinical Pathomorphology of the Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, Lublin 20-090, Poland; kamila.weronika.bak@gmail.com; 0000-0002-3748-1579; bSanus Specialist Hospital, ul. Wojska Polskiego 4, Stalowa Wola, Poland; tomasztuzim@gmail.com; 0000-0002-7793-0156; cChair and Department of Clinical Pathomorphology of the Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, Lublin 20-090, Poland; magdalena.amarowicz@wp.pl; 0000-0002-2718-8213; dChair and Department of Family Medicine of the Medical University of Lublin, ul. Langiewicza 6 a, Lublin 20-032, Poland; marcin_urbanczuk@wp.pl; 0000-0002-5736-1726; eChair and Department of Clinical Immunology of the Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chodźki 4 a, Lublin 20-093, Poland; kas.s@o2.pl; 0000-0001-8516-6971; ABSTRACT Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease of brain motoneurons and spinal cord. The incidence rate of this completely incurable condition amounts to 3 to 5 patients per 100,000 inhabitants and its characteristic feature is progressing muscle weakening that leads to respiratory muscle paralysis and death within 3-4 years. Up to now, etiopathogenesis of ALS is unknown, however, more and more often the role of genotype interaction with environmental factors is suggested. Diagnosing ALS is still based on a correlation of interview and clinical picture with the results of diagnostic imaging, electrophysiological examinations and some serological tests. Despite an enormous progress that occurred in neurobiology and molecular genetics, an effective pharmacotherapy inhibiting the development of the disease has not been developed yet, and the treatment is exclusively based on a systematic symptomatic management. Due to the above, ALS treatment is still a great challenge both for the scientists and clinicians. Key words: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS, electrophysiological examination, riluzole, edaravone, replacement ventilation