Comparative study of blood glucose control between male and female Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Karbala'a Province

Diabetes is a chronic condition caused by either an absolute lack of insulin or a relative lack of insulin due to impaired insulin secretion and action. Insulin resistance and glucose intolerance results in hyperglycemia and alterations in lipid and protein metabolism. In the long term, these metabolic abnormalities contribute to complications such as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is very common in all age groups, worldwide (1). There are several risk factors for the progression of Type 2 DM (T2DM) including family history, obesity, chronic physical inactivity, race or ethnicity, history of impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, HbA1c 5.7% to 6.4%, hypertension, abnormal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and/or elevated triglyceride levels. The duration of diabetes, lifestyle, level of education, age, number of medications, morbidity, socioeconomic factors and type of insurance coverage, are risk factors for sustained poor glycemic control. Individuals at risk of poor glycemic control may need specific interventions to achieve optimal glycemic control