EARLY PRENATAL DİAGNOSİS OF FETAL ANEUPLOİDY AND NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS

10-15% of fertilized eggs cannot be implanted (1). Pregnancy losses are observed in 22% of cases before the diagnosis of clinical pregnancy (2). Cytogenetic study of spontaneous miscarriages reveals chromosomal abnormalities in 50-65% of cases (3, 4, 5). 17.4% of Polyploidy, 23.7% of X monosomy, 49.8% of trisomy (mainly, Chromosome 16 trisomy) were found in miscarriage specimens in which chromosomal abnormalities were detected (6). 50% of fertilized human eggs undergo reproductive loss, and chromosomal and gene mutations play a significant role in the occurrence of these losses (7). The use of genetic testing methods allows to explain the causes of reproductive losses: spontaneous abortions, perinatal death and disease. If a woman has a history of 2 or more miscarriages, genetic counseling is crucial. In this case, genealogical examination should be carried out taking into account not only, the family history of the couple, but, also miscarriages, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, congenital malformation, mental weakness, infertility