Minimizing electricity cost by optimal location and power of battery energy storage system using wild geese algorithm

The mismatch between load demand and supply power may increase when distributed generation based on renewable energy sources is connected to the distribution system (DS). This paper shows the optimal battery energy storage system (BESS) placement problem on the DS to minimize the electricity cost. Diverse electricity prices are considered for normal, off-peak and peak hours in a day. Wild geese algorithm (WGA) is applied to optimize the location and power of the BESS. The problem and the efficiency of WGA is validated on the 18-bus DS four scenarios consisting of the DS without BESS placement, the DS with BESS placement, the DS existing photovoltaic system (PVS) without BESS placement and the DS existing PVS with BESS placement. The numerical results show that optimal BESS placement is an effective solution for minimizing electricity cost on the DS with and without PVS. In addition, the results have also shown that WGA is a potential method for the BESS placement problem