Biochemical and histopathological changes in head kidney of Labeorohita infected with Aeromonasliquefaciens

ABSTRACT Aeromonasliquefaciens is one of the most important pathogen of warm water and freshwater fish affecting the fish culture globally. This organism causes mass mortality in several groups of fish including carps, murrels and catfishes. It is also the etiological agent of several fish diseases including dropsy, hemorrhagic septicaemia, asymptomatic septicaemia, ulcerative infections, tail rot and fin rot. The present study was conducted to estimate the level of protein and DNA and histopathological observations from the head kidney of four groups (66 in each group) of Labeorohita. Fish were experimentally infected (intramuscularly) with various doses of A. liquefaciens @ 10-2 CFU/ Fish (Group A), 10-4 CFU / Fish (Group B), 10-5 CFU/ Fish (Group C), and 10-6 CFU / Fish (Group D). Another four groups (a, b, c and d; 66 in each group) of fish were kept as uninfected controls. Six fish from each group were necropsied, head kidney tissues were separated and analyzed for protein and DNA content at hour 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96 and 216 and histopathological changes were made on hour 216. The virulent strain altered the physiology of fish from hour 1 to 216 of experimental period in tissues of head kidney. Head kidney showed decreased values of protein in all the experimental groups from hour 1 to 216 except on hour 1 in group C and on hour 1, 3, 6, 12 and 18 in group D in comparison with controls. Depressed DNA levels were found in all the experimental groups (A, B and C) from hour 1 to 216 except in group B on hour 1 and in group C on hour 1 and 18. Degeneration and necrosis was observed in the head kidney of diseased fish. Keywords:Aeromonasliquefaciens, Labeorohita, histopathological, freshwater fish. REFERENCES Begum, G. (2004). Carbofuran insecticide induced biochemical alterations in liver and muscle tissues of the fish Clariasbatrachus(Linn.) and recovery response. Aquatic Toxicol. 66(1): 83-92. Chein, C.H. and Chein, E.J. (1994). Histopathological study of Aeromonashydrophilain eel (Anguilla japonica), COA. Fish. Ser. 46: 13-24. Chowdhury, M.B.R (1998). Involvement of aeromonads and pseudomonas indisease of farmed fish in Bangladesh.Fish Pathol,33:247-254. Das, B.K. and Mukherjee, S.C. (2003). Toxicity of cypermethrin in Labeorohitafingerlings: biochemical, enzymatic and haematological consequences. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 134(1): 109-121. Das, S. and Bhattacharya, T. (2006). Impact of water pollution on fish physiology – A study. J. Aquaculture, 14: 1-16. Dooly, J.S.G Lullier, R.L. and Trust, T.J. (1986). Surface antigens of virulent strains of Aeromonashydrophila.Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 12:339-344. Ellis A.E. (1999). Immunity to bacteria. Fish & Shellfish immunol. 9, 291-308. Hasan, M.A. Rashid, M.M., Islam, M.A., Mostafa, K. And Islam, M.T (2008). Histopathological studies of EUS affect shiningHeteropneustesfossiis from a fish farm of Mymensingh. Bangladesh J. Fish, Res., 12(1): 12-36. Iqbal, M.M., Tajima, K., Sawaba, Y., Nakano, K. And Ezura, Y. (1998). Phenotypic and genotypic identification of motile aero monads isolated from fish with epizootic ulcerative syndrome in SouthwestAsiancountries.Fish Pathol.33 (4):255-263. Islam, M.T, Rashid, M.M. and Mostafa, K. (2008). Histopathological studies of experimentally infected shining,HeteropneustesfossilswithAeromonashydrophilabacteria. Progress. Agric.,19(1): 89-96. Miyamoto, J. (1976). Degradation metabolism and toxicity of synthetic pyrethroid. Environ. Health Perspect, 14: 15-28. Mohanty, B.R., Mishra, J., Das, S., Jena, J.K. and Sahoo, P.K. (2008). An Outbreak of aeromoniasis in an organised composite carp culture farm in India: Experimental Pathogenicity and Antibiogram study. J. Aquaculture, 16: 27-37. Murty, A.S. and Devi, A.P. (1982). The Effect of Endosulfan and its Isomers on Tissue Protein, Glycogen and Lipids in the fish Channapunctata. Pesti. Biochem. Physiol. 17: 280-286. Rashid, M.M., Hasan, M.A. Mostafa, K and Isla, M.A. (2008). Solation ofAeromonashydrophila from EUS affected shining Heteropneustesfossilis from a fish farm of Mymensingh Progress. Agric., 19(1): 117-124. Sarkar M.J.A. and Rashid M.M (2012). Pathogenicity of the bacterial isolate Aeromonashydrophila to catfishes carps and perch. J. BangaladeshAgril. Univ. 10 (1) :157-161. Satyalatha, B.D.J. and Viveka Varanasi, V. (2014). Aeromoniasis Induced Protein and DNA and histological Alterations in the muscle tissues ofLabeorohita. J. of Phar. and Bio. Sci.. Vol.9, Issue 4 ver. 11, pt 107-111