PEACE BUILDING AND TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE IN IRAQ THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE POST-STAGE OF ISIS (POLICY ANALYSIS)

The environment produced by the stage after 2003 "the invasion, the collapse of the State, and after decades of dictatorship,", the civil conflicts had blown due to the impact of multiple internal and external factors. At the domestic level , the political structure of the Iraqi State was since its foundation based on sectarian and ethnic imbalances, which was reinforced in the Republican era and at the period of control of military regimes, then the totalitarian regime after 1968, after that the stage of post 2003 to be emerged. As the sectarian and the ethnic structure had led to legalization of the authority and devoting those imbalances as well as the ethnic and sectarian contrasts , accompanied by a state of occupation , chaos and lawlessness resulting from the proceedings that the Provisional Coalition Authority, and the corresponding from a political track, accordingly collimating to , the external factor had led, after 2003, to an escalation of tension and internal tensions in Iraq , after Iraq has become an arena of conflict and a field of sharing of power between the regional powers , for several reasons, some of them were related to the new political arrangements in Iraq, while the others were related to the existence of foreign troops in the neighbor of those countries, or because the influence of both reasons together. After the outburst and the expansion of the internal armed conflict, during the years 2006 and 2007, military and security forces managed with the support of coalition forces and Sunni tribal Awakening Groups "AL SAHAWAT" to defeat the high numbers of terrorist forces, militias, and several forces of organized crime. The levels of domestic violence were decreased by a large rate in subsequent years, compared to the phase of "civil conflict", which lasted with various and different levels until the year 2014 at the period of ISIS invasion against a number of Iraqi provinces north and west of the country, but the decline in domestic violence in the previous phase of ISIS had not been faced by procedures , action or plan to "peacebuilding "in Iraq, or being faced with "post-conflict peace settlements", in conjunction with the reluctance of the National Reconciliation project, which is represented as a critical mistake that ha