An analysis of recent nanotechnology-based treatments for diabetes mellitus and their management

The Egyptians are credited with originally describing diabetes, which is defined by polyuria and weight loss. However, the term diabetes mellitus (DM) was first used by the Greek doctor Aertaeus. Diabetes means "to pass through" in Greek, while the Latin term for honey (which denotes sweetness) is mellitus. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that DM affects more than 346 million people worldwide. By 2030, if nothing is done, this number will likely have more than doubled. In low- and middle-income countries, diabetes fatalities account for about 80% of all deaths. According to a WHO study, India, which currently has more than 32 million diabetic patients worldwide, will have 79.4 million by the year 2030. In India and Sri Lanka, diabetes now affects a surprising 10-16% of the urban population and 5-8% of the rural population, according to recent assessments. Nanotechnology is a recent and important technology in the twenty-first century. In this branch of science and technology, materials are made from lone atoms and molecules. It examines the properties and applications of substances with structures varying in size from 0.1 to 100 nm. The arrangement and fusion of various particles results in the creation of a new configuration of matter. Today, a wide range of sectors and professions, including those in the fields of health, materials science, electrical engineering, and the energy sector, among others, use nanotechnology significantly