Data from: Evolutionary stability of antibiotic protection in a defensive symbiosis

The increasing resistance of human pathogens severely limits the efficacy of antibiotics in medicine, yet many animals, including solitary beewolf wasps, successfully engage in defensive alliances with antibiotic-producing bacteria for millions of years. Here, we report on the in situ production of 49 derivatives belonging to three antibiotic compound classes (45 piericidin derivatives, 3 streptochlorin derivatives, and nigericin) by the symbionts of 25 beewolf host species and subspecies, spanning 68 million years of evolution. Despite a high degree of qualitative stability in the antibiotic mixture, we found consistent quantitative differences between species and across geographic localities, presumably reflecting adaptations to combat local pathogen communities. Antimicrobial bioassays with the three main components and in silico predictions based on the structure and specificity in polyketide synthase domains of the piericidin biosynthesis gene cluster yield insights into the mechanistic basis and ecoevolutionary implications of producing a complex mixture of antimicrobial compounds in a natural setting.HPLC-MS/MS Philanthus spp. TurkeyHPLC-MS/MS runs of MeOH extracts of single Philanthus specimen antennae from TurkeyTurkey samples.7zHPLC-MS/MS Philanthus spp. South AfricaHPLC-MS/MS runs of MeOH extracts from single Philanthus specimen antennae collected in South AfricaSouth Africa samples.7zHPLC-MS/MS Philanthus spp. GermanyHPLC-MS/MS runs of MeOH extracts from single Philanthus triangulum specimen antennae and cocoons collected in GermanyGermany samples.7zHPLC-MS/MS Philanthus gibbosus cocoonsHPLC-MS/MS runs of MeOH extracts from single Philanthus gibbosus cocoons reared in GermanyPgibbosus cocoons.7zmanual MS2 scansmanual MS2 scans to obtaine fragmentation patterns for compounds not obtained by automatic MS2 scansHPLC-MS/MS Trachypus boharti Brazil 1HPLC-MS/MS runs of MeOH extracts from single Trachypus boharti specimen antennae collected in Brazil - first halfBrazil samples 1.7zHPLC-MS/MS Trachypus boharti Brazil 2HPLC-MS/MS runs of MeOH extracts from single Trachypus boharti specimen antennae collected in Brazil - second halfBrazil samples 2.7zHPLC-MS/MS Trachypus spp. BrazilHPLC-MS/MS runs of MeOH extracts from single Trachypus spp. specimen antennae & cocoons collected in BrazilBrazil samples 3.7zHPLC-MS/MS pooled samplesHPLC-MS/MS runs of pooled MeOH extracts from Philanthus, Trachyous and Philanthunus specimen antennae and cocoonspooled samples.7