Fig 2 in Soluble total antigen derived from Toxoplasma gondii RH strain prevents apoptosis, but induces anti-apoptosis in human monocyte cell line

Fig 2. This schematic overview suggests signaling pathways of apoptosis. Apoptosis is induced through either the extrinsic pathway or intrinsic pathway. Toxoplasma gondii can prevent cell apoptosis via inhibition of cytochrome c release from the mitochondria into the cytosol, inhibition of cas-3, -6, -7, and -9 via blocking the mitochondrial pathway, and blocking cas-8 by external pathways. The parasite may also suppress pro-apoptotic protein (Bax) and induce anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins and is able to activate transcription factors STAT6 and STAT3-miR-17-92-Bim pathway to inhibit apoptosis. Some proteins of T. gondii such as ROP18 plays a role in Fas/ CD95-mediated apoptosis to inhibit this process. Similarly ROP16 phosphorylates STAT3 and STAT6 to inhibit cell death. Original (S. Nemati).Published as part of Rahimi, Hanieh Mohammad, Nemati, Sara, Alavifard, Helia, Baghaei, Kaveh, Mirjalali, Hamed & Zali, Mohammad Reza, 2021, Soluble total antigen derived from Toxoplasma gondii RH strain prevents apoptosis, but induces anti-apoptosis in human monocyte cell line, pp. 1-7 in Folia Parasitologica (026) 68 on page 4, DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.026, http://zenodo.org/record/814365