Comparison of human spillover virulence (<i>α</i>_<i>S</i>) as observed in the literature (excluding rabies) vs. predicted from nested modeling framework.

Plot recapitulates S6 Fig exactly, but comparisons are drawn from case fatality rates reported in the literature but excluding rabies lyssavirus, which is often classed as a Carnivora-derived virus, though its evolutionary origins are found in bats. Removal of rabies improves estimates of virulence for Carnivora-derived zoonoses as compared with the complete dataset, but resulting linear regression offers no better fit to the entire dataset than previously shown in S6 Fig. Data and code used to generate all figure panels are available in our publicly available GitHub repository (github.com/brooklabteam/spillover-virulence-v1.0.0; doi: 10.5281/zenodo.8136864). (PNG)