Honey AuNP pretreatment attenuated macrophage secretion of IL-6 (p < 0.001) differentially, depending upon honey AuNP type, but not concentration.

Commercial (CH) and dark honey (DH) AuNP treatments lowered macrophage secretion of IL-6 more than light honey (LH) AuNP treatments (p < 0.001). Differences in attenuation between commercial and dark honey AuNP treatments approached significance (p = 0.057). Combined results reflect the mean of three independent ELISAs in which THP-1-derived macrophages were pretreated with honey AuNPs 1 hour prior to LPS stimulation (1 μg/mL) for 24 hours. Error bars represent +/- SE.