Espaces et commodités dans la Lisbonne de Pombal

José-Augusto Fran ça : Space and amenities in pombal's lisbon. Lisbon, destroyed by an earthquake on 1st November 1757, was reconstructed following a plan discussed with the Marquis of Pombal, in the style of «Enlightened Europe ». It became a rationally planned, functional town, entirely different from the old city, a labyrinth of winding alleyways. Open spaces and public hygiene were the particular concerns of «Pombalian » urbanists ; wide streets and huge squares were laid out, in which air and light were the new criteria. The introduction of pavements, the attention paid to drains and street-cleaning, the idea of water conduits to every house, the creation of obligatory cemeteries, were the basic principles integrated into the plans for the new city by a government whose main concern was public health.França José-Augusto. Espaces et commodités dans la Lisbonne de Pombal. In: Dix-huitième Siècle, n°9, 1977. Le sain et le malsain. pp. 161-170