Safety systems and design priciples needed for safety of nucelar power plants

Kako je sigurnost nuklearnih postrojenja iznimno važno pitanje, uspostavljene su metodologije koje propisuju potrebne sigurnosne i zaštitne sustave za osiguravanje integriteta postrojenja. Analiziran je utjecaj projektnog rješenja na parametre pouzdanosti i opisana je osnova fail-safe metodologije. Prikazani su sigurnosni i zaštitni sustavi nuklearnih postrojenja s posebnom pažnjom na redundantnim sustavima opskrbe električnom energijom u slučaju gubitka vlastite proizvodnje te na sustavima za očuvanje integriteta fizičkih barijera koje sprječavaju ispuštanje radioaktivnih materijala u okolinu. Prikazani su moderni pasivni sigurnosni i zaštitni sustavi i njihove prednosti nad starijim aktivnim sustavima. Mjerni i upravljački sustavi su kontekstualizirani kroz sigurnosne i zaštitne sustave koje opskrbljuju s potrebnim procesnim informacijama i mehanizmima upravljanja.Given that nuclear power plant safety is a matter of exceptional importance, methodologies have been established to prescribe safety and protection systems that are required to ensure plant integrity. An analysis of project solution influence on reliability parameters is given, as well as basics of fail-safe methodologies. Depictions of safety and protection systems for nuclear power plants are given with special importance given to redundant power generation systems in case of own power production loss and systems for physical barrier integrity protection that keep radioactive materials out of the environment. Depictions of modern passive safety and protection systems are given, as well as their advantages compared to older active systems. Measurement and control systems are contextualized through safety and protection systems that are being supplied with required process information and control mechanisms by them