Although scholars to this day have insisted on the exceptional character of Jules Ferry's colonial expansion policy in the history of the French Third Republic, the study of a number or previously unpublished documents — gathered during research on the French anti-slavery movement — shows that the French republican party had a colonial theory from the beginning of the nineteenth century. The evolution of this theory from the projects of the former Saint-Simonian and Fourierist Jules Lechevalier under the July Monarchy is traced through Pierre- Joseph Proudhon's newspaper Le Peuple in 1848, to the Revue du monde colonial under the Second Empire. The personal ties between Jules Ferry and the editing team of the Revue du monde colonial are rev...