Salud pública en Ecuador como factor de desarrollo social: una revisión bibliográfica

Health professionals need to study in depth what is meant by health in order to offer knowledge that benefits society, in this case Public Health in Ecuador as a factor of social development. There is a need to implement another paradigm in public health with the participation and representation of citizens with their different types of organization for the construction of a more equitable and just society, contextualizing with the economic, political and social scenario. The methodology corresponds to a bibliographic review using various databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Dialnet, Web of Science, Google Scholar, selection criteria of years of publication (2017-2023) were applied, the analysis was carried out with 26 articles, identifying the indicators of each publication: Functioning, evolution, progress and challenges of the Ecuadorian health system; Public Health and Social Development; Public policies in the health sector; Universal Coverage in Ecuador; Leadership, social determinants of health and equity; Health crisis in health, economy and social development; Public investment in the health system and public health and social security in Ecuador. It is concluded that it is desirable in the medium term to have universal and quality access to health services, to eliminate inequities of any kind, to think about an ethics of science and life as well as sustainable social development. Keywords: Public health, Ecuador, Social development, Equitable and just society, Literature review.Los profesionales en salud necesitan estudiar en profundidad lo que se entiende por salud a fin de ofrecer conocimiento que beneficie a la sociedad, en este caso la Salud Pública en Ecuador como factor de desarrollo social. Existe la necesidad de implementar otro paradigma en salud pública con la participación y representación de la ciudadanía con sus diferentes tipos de organización para la construcción de una sociedad más equitativa y justa, contextualizando con el escenario económico, político y social. La metodología corresponde a una revisión bibliográfica utilizando diversas bases de datos como PubMed, Scielo, Dialnet, Web of Science, Google Scholar, se aplicaron criterios de selección de años de publicación (2017-2023), el análisis se  realizó con 26 artículos, identificando los indicadores de cada publicación: Funcionamiento, evolución, avances y desafíos del sistema de salud ecuatoriano; Salud pública y Desarrollo social; Políticas públicas en el sector salud; Cobertura Universal en el Ecuador; Liderazgo, determinantes sociales de la salud y equidad; Crisis sanitaria  en la salud, la economía y el desarrollo social; Inversión pública en el sistema de salud y Salud pública y la seguridad social en Ecuador. Se concluye que es deseable en el mediano plazo se tenga acceso universal y de calidad a servicios de salud, a eliminar las inequidades de cualquier índole, a pensar en una ética de las ciencias y de la vida, así como a un desarrollo social sostenible. Palabras claves: Salud pública, Ecuador, Desarrollo social, Sociedad equitativa y justa, Revisión bibliográfica. Abstract Health professionals need to study in depth what is meant by health in order to offer knowledge that benefits society, in this case Public Health in Ecuador as a factor of social development. There is a need to implement another paradigm in public health with the participation and representation of citizens with their different types of organization for the construction of a more equitable and just society, contextualizing with the economic, political and social scenario. The methodology corresponds to a bibliographic review using various databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Dialnet, Web of Science, Google Scholar, selection criteria of years of publication (2017-2023) were applied, the analysis was carried out with 26 articles, identifying the indicators of each publication: Functioning, evolution, progress and challenges of the Ecuadorian health system; Public Health and Social Development; Public policies in the health sector; Universal Coverage in Ecuador; Leadership, social determinants of health and equity; Health crisis in health, economy and social development; Public investment in the health system and public health and social security in Ecuador. It is concluded that it is desirable in the medium term to have universal and quality access to health services, to eliminate inequities of any kind, to think about an ethics of science and life as well as sustainable social development. Keywords: Public health, Ecuador, Social development, Equitable and just society, Literature review. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de abril de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de junio de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2023