Dear readers, It is an honor to present to you Volume 17 of the Research and Development Journal of the Research and Development Directorate of the Technical University of Ambato. This publication has established itself as a benchmark in the dissemination of high-quality and relevant research in various disciplines. We are proud to announce that our journal has been indexed in PROQUEST, part of Clarivate, reinforcing our commitment to academic excellence and knowledge dissemination. This volume includes a series of articles addressing a variety of topics and disciplines, reflecting the diversity and richness of research carried out at our University, as well as other institutions worldwide. The subjects covered in this volume range from pub...