Overview of analytical models for the design of linear and planar motors

In this paper, an overview of analytical techniques for the modeling of linear and planar permanent-magnet motors is given. These models can be used complementary to finite element analyses for fast evaluations of topologies, but they are indispensable for the design of magnetically levitated planar motors and other coreless multi-degree-of-freedom motors which are applied in (ultra) high-precision applications. The analytical methods describe the magnetic fields based on magnetic surface charges and Fourier series in two and three dimensions