Network-aware operational strategies to provide (flexibility) services from Local Energy Community

This paper proposes the network-aware operational strategies to provide (flexibility) services from Local Energy Community (LEC) by maximizing their profit based on the optimized operation of battery energy storage system (BESS), considering the uncertainty between forecasted and actual load net in LEC. The proposed method takes into account the capacity limitation constrain in the contract between LEC and distribution system operator in order to avoid penalties, and provides insightful data to support LEC in making the decision to join the balancing reserve. Three different case studies, which investigate the hypothetical LEC including 01 BESS (100kW/200kWh) and 55 houses with each installed photovoltaic system, are performed using a mixed-integer linear programming to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that, by considering the registered limitation, the benefit is increased up to 30%, compared to the case without the capacity limitation constrain