In this paper we will examine the evolution of the municipal government in a French industrial city. The analysis covers a period spreading from the end of the Second World War to nowadays. This article illustrates the singularity of the evolution of the municipal government in Saint-Étienne. Indeed, the key position of the state and the specific structure of the urban society have engendered for a long time an unusual system of government. The evolution during the last decade was characterised by the slow and difficult assertion of leadership. This was induced by the links established between the mayor and his administration, testifying the end of the gap between the municipal government in Saint-Étienne and the municipal government in oth...