基于核磁共振技术对亚麻籽油进行脂肪酸 组成检测与品质鉴别Fatty acid composition detection and quality identification of linseed oil based on nuclear magnetic resonance technology

采用核磁共振(NMR)技术对山西省内生产的亚麻籽油进行脂肪酸组成检测及品质鉴别。首先运用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)法确认纯亚麻籽油和掺杂亚麻籽油脂肪酸组成的差异；然后通过核磁共振谱仪确认差异核磁共振氢谱（1H NMR）和碳谱（13C NMR）的特征峰，以快速判别亚麻籽油是否掺杂；最后，采用1H NMR法计算亚麻籽油中的脂肪酸含量，并与国标GC法进行对比。结果表明：与纯亚麻籽油相比，掺杂亚麻籽油中含有花生一烯酸和芥酸；通过花生一烯酸和芥酸1H NMR和13C NMR特征峰可以定性鉴别亚麻籽油是否掺杂；采用1H NMR法计算的亚麻籽油中亚麻酸含量与GC法一致。说明基于NMR技术对亚麻籽油脂肪酸组成进行检测，可以快速鉴别亚麻籽油品质。 The fatty acid composition and quality identification of linseed oil produced in Shanxi province were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Firstly, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was used to detect and confirm the difference in fatty acid composition between pure linseed oil and adulterated linseed oil. Secondly, the characteristic peaks of the different fatty acids in the adulterated linseed oil were identified by the hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (1H NMR) and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (13C NMR) so as to quickly determine whether the linseed oil was adulterated. Finally, the contents of fatty acids in linseed oil were quantitatively calculated by 1H NMR method and national standard GC method, respectively. The results showed that compared with the pure linseed oil, the adulterated linseed oil contained eicosenoic acid and erucic acid; the 1H NMR and 13C NMR characteristic peaks of eicosenoic acid and erucic acid could be used to qualitatively identify whether linseed oil was adulterated; the content of linolenic acid in linseed oil calculated by 1H NMR method was consistent with that by GC method. The detection of fatty acid composition in linseed oil based on NMR technology can quickly identify the quality of linseed oil