TRANSFORMASI SPIRITUAL: STUDI FENOMENOLOGI EKSISTENSI, AKTUALISASI, DAN TRANSENDENSI PADA DISABILITAS FISIK DI SURAKARTA

This research approach is descriptive phenomenology, the Husserl school. Considerations for this selection rather than interpretive phenomenology include, first, the researcher keeps his distance from the respondents, because the researcher is not a person with disabilities, so it would not be right to mix, or get involved. Second, the tendency is more towards epistemology, not on ontology. Like Husserl, that his goal is to express human life experience, completely and deeply. The sources for this research were eight people, plus one stakeholder. More specific criteria: have passed the disability period of at least five years, minimum age of 17 years, and live in Surakarta. Data collection using interviews, observation, and analysis techniques using taxonomic analysis. This study uses two theories, namely Maslow's self-actualization, and Sartre's existentialism. The findings of this study indicate that people with disabilities experience three kinds of transformations: personal, spiritual, and emotional. Personally, there were several interviewees who changed their personality to be more positive. All sources have gone through emotional transformation, they have accepted the situation and have no grudges against people who have hurt them. In spiritual transformation, not all sources experience it. The main key to spiritual transformation is reflection, discovery of wisdom, and the emergence of religious awareness. In the realm of actualization, the majority of persons with disabilities are again looking for new forms of actualization because old actualizations are often excluded due to limited access. In the realm of social exclusion, negative emotions greatly impact persons with disabilities. Because of exclusion, discrimination, and bullying, people with disabilities often use this emotion as a mode of existence