Heavy Quark Diffusion from 2+1 Flavor Lattice QCD with 320MeV Pion Mass

Altenkort L, Kaczmarek O, Larsen R, et al. Heavy Quark Diffusion from 2+1 Flavor Lattice QCD with 320MeV Pion Mass. Physical Review Letters . 2023;130(23): 231902.We present the first calculations of the heavy flavor diffusion coefficient using lattice QCD with light dynamical quarks corresponding to a pion mass of around 320MeV. For temperatures 195MeV<T<352MeV, the heavy quark spatial diffusion coefficient is found to be significantly smaller than previous quenched lattice QCD and recent phenomenological estimates. The result implies very fast hydrodynamization of heavy quarks in the quark-gluon plasma created during ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collision experiments