A krónikus myeloid leukaemia kezelésének aktualitásai

As a result of the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, chronic myeloid leukemia became from a fatal disease to a well-treatable chronic disease. The cause of the disease is the forming of the Philadelphia chromosome leading to the constitutively active BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase. With the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, chronic myeloid leukemia patients in the chronic phase nowadays have a life expectancy comparable to normal population. Choo­sing between available treatment options is influenced by several factors including the age and comorbidities of the patient, the goal of treatment and known side effects of the chosen drug. Treatment of patients refractory to tyrosine kinase inhibitors may be challenging nowadays as well. The solu­tion could be the products with new mechanism of action, like asciminib, which is a BCR-ABL1 allosteric inhibitor and its efficacy is excellent in the above mentioned cases as well. Advanced stage and blastic phase chronic myeloid leukemia have a poor prognosis, beside tyrosine kinase inhibitors chemotherapy is necessary, and only allogenic hemopoetic stem cell transplantation may provide long term survival for these patients