Clinical profile and outcome of children who underwent micturating cystourethrogram: A tertiary hospital experience

Micturating cystourethrogram (MCUG) is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux (VUR). The study aims to establish the association between the presence ofVUR and renal outcomes. A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in children who were referred for MCUG at a tertiary centre over a l 0-year period. Baseline characteristic data and the results of renal ultrasound, MCUG, with renal function were compiled and analysed. Fisher Exact tests were used to compare between grade of VUR and renal outcomes. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were used to examine the risk factors that may contribute to the development of VUR. There were 136 children recruited in total of which forty-five were having VUR, (31 [68%] high-grade, 14 [32%] low-grade, respectively). One third (33.3%) were surgically treated, 29 (64.4%) developed chronic kidney disease (CKD), and 18 (40%) developed renal scarring. Children with urinary tract infection (UTT) and hydroureter have 4.19 and 3.40 times the odds of developing VUR respectively. The presence of hydroureter from ultrasound is a strong indicator of underlying VUR and justifies the rationale of requesting for MCUG, especially for those with recurrent UTI. The study failed to demonstrate significant association between the presence ofVUR and complication of renal scarring and CKD