Moho complexity in Southern California revealed by local PmP and teleseismic Ps waves

The Moho discontinuity plays an important role in crustal growth and evolution. In this study, we delineate the Moho geometry in southern California by jointly using local Moho-reflected waves PmP and teleseismic Moho-converted waves Ps. To well constrain the Moho geometry, we have developed a two-stage process to pick PmP waves and have created a reliable PmP travel time data set with a total of 10,192 picks. We have also extracted 38,648 high-quality P-wave receiver functions (RFs). The Moho depth is initially estimated via the common conversion point (CCP) stacking of RFs and then refined by inverting the PmP travel time data in a community velocity model (CVM-H, version 15.1.1). The newly built Moho geometry is generally consistent with the California Moho Model version 1.0 (CMM-1.0), that is, a shallow Moho beneath the Salton Trough (23 km), a uniformly shallow Moho beneath the Mojave Desert and the Basin and Range (34 km). However, our Moho model reveals some new features different from the CMM–1.0, such as a deep Moho (∼34 km) beneath the northern end of the central and western Transverse Ranges, consistent with the observation of deep seismicities due to a thick brittle crust there. We also find a gradual transition from the lower crust to the uppermost mantle beneath the western Peninsular Ranges, leading to the rareness of pickable PmP waves as well as weak Moho-converted signals there.Ministry of Education (MOE)National Research Foundation (NRF)Published versionThis research is partly funded by the National Research Foundation Singapore and the Singapore Ministry of Education under the Research Centers of Excellence Initiative (Project Code Number: 04MNS001953A620). T. Li and P. Tong are also partly supported by Singapore MOE AcRF Tier-2 Grant (04MNP002073C230)