Enhanced spin hall effect in S-implanted Pt

High efficiency of charge–spin interconversion in spin Hall materials is a prime necessity to apprehend intriguing functionalities of spin–orbit torque for magnetization switching, auto-oscillations, and domain wall motion in energy-efficient and high-speed spintronic devices. To this end, innovations in fabricating advanced materials that possess not only large charge–spin conversion efficiency but also viable electrical and spin Hall conductivity are of importance. Here, a new spin Hall material designed by implanting low energy 12 keV sulfur ions in heavy metal Pt, named as Pt(S), is reported that demonstrates eight times higher conversion efficiency as compared to pristine Pt. The figure of merit, spin Hall angle (θSH), up to of 0.502 together with considerable electrical conductivity of 1.65 × 106 Ω–1 m–1 is achieved. The spin Hall conductivity increases with increasing , as , implying an intrinsic mechanism in a dirty metal conduction regime. A comparatively large of 8.32 × 105 ( ) Ω–1 m–1 among the reported heavy-metals-based alloys can be useful for developing next-generation spintronic devices using spin–orbit torque.Ministry of Education (MOE)Financial support from JSPS Grant-in-Aid (KAKENHI no. 18H01862, 18H05953, and 19K21112) is gratefully acknowledged. This work was partially supported by Nippon Sheet Glass Foundation. R.M. would like to acknowledge research grant MOE-2017-T2-2-129. M.D. acknowledges the financial support from MOE-2019-T1-001-066. TEM imaging and sample preparation were performed at the Facility for Analysis, Characterization, Testing and Simulation (FACTS) in Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. R.S.R would like to acknowledge research grant numbers MOE2017-T2-2-129, MOE2019-T2-1-058, and CRP21-2018-0093