The prevalence of coexisting lumbar spondylosis and knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study Design: A systematic review. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of coexisting lumbar spondylosis (LS) and knee osteoarthritis (KOA), which has clinical implications on the screening, diagnosis, and management of orthopedic patients. Overview of Literature: Due to current global health trends, the number of affected patients is expected to increase substantially. However, no prior systematic reviews have discussed this topic. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in June 2021 in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Clinical and epidemiological studies that reported quantitative data on the prevalence of coexisting LS and KOA were included. Studies which reported data on only LS or KOA alone were excluded. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for LS or KOA were retrieved or calculated for meta-analysis. Fixed-effects and random-effects models were used, and statistical significance was considered when p