论瘟疫与死亡笼罩下的阶级现象 : 以阎连科《丁庄梦》为例 = Social hierarchy through the lens of epidemic and death : a case study of Yan Lianke's Dream of Ding Village

一场艾滋病导致丁庄爆发热病，死亡日不间断。现实、梦境相互交织道出阎连科《丁庄梦》里的冷暖悲欢，书写一篇病魔缠身，与其较量的故事。本论文也分析了很多血和梦的研究，以进一步解析血和梦于《丁庄梦》里的多重象征和隐喻。本文试论《丁庄梦》亲情、病情和死亡笼罩下的阶级观念。血除了指艾滋病，也隐喻血缘关系和家庭体系的崩塌。梦境在《丁庄梦》里反复出现。它代表了众多故事人物对未来的期许和欲望，也刻画出丁水阳心里的愧疚和不安。卖血间接造成热病爆发，丁庄里的权力阶级也有不可推卸的责任。《丁庄梦》揭露了不少丁庄隐藏的阶级。丁水阳和丁辉的父子关系，和杨玲玲丁小明的夫妻关系展露了父子和性别之间的阶级。艾滋病爆发的起因和后续发展也透露了官宦阶级和权力阶级。教育局长仗着职权威逼、诱惑村民卖血，是艾滋病在丁庄和邻村蔓延的起端。患者陆续搬入学校，却因贪权而将原本简单欢乐的集体生活打乱，开始兴风作浪，试图在权力阶级中取得更高的地位。学校这个暂时隔离所的出现显露出丁庄里日益形成的健康阶级，感染艾滋病的患者逐渐被家人村民嫌弃。随着时间的推移，患者病入膏肓，陆续步入死亡。葬礼、冥婚和学校的关闭刻画出村民之间的财富、官职和权力阶级。An AIDS epidemic swept across Ding Village with many people dying every day. Swinging between dreams and reality, Yan Lianke’s “Dream of Ding Village” narrates a tale of living with and battling AIDS. Previous research provides insights on the hidden meanings and metaphors behind the blood and dreams in “Dream of Ding Village”. This paper seeks to analyse the concept of social class and hierarchy demonstrated through familial ties, illness, and death in “Dream of Ding Village”. Other than AIDS, blood symbolises the breakdown of blood ties and family bonds. Dreams were a constant theme in the book. It represents the future aspirations and desires of the characters, and the unbearable guilt and uneasiness weighing on Ding Shui Yang. Selling blood has indirectly resulted in the fever outbreak which those higher up the power hierarchy have undeniable guilt. “Dream of Ding Village” uncovers the many hidden social hierarchies of Ding Village. The father-son relationship between Ding Shui Yang and Ding Hui, and the husband-wife relationship between Ding Xiao Ming and Yang Ling Ling highlight the age hierarchy between father and son, and the gender hierarchy between Ding Xiao Ming and Yang Ling Ling. The root cause and development of the outbreak unveil social classes built on government ranks and power. The county director of education misusing his power to coerce and lure the villagers into selling blood was the starting point of the outbreak in Ding Village and neighbouring villages. When their condition deteriorated, the infected villagers moved into the school. While their initial days were simple and blissful, they soon found themselves in a power struggle with some vying to climb up the power hierarchy. The temporary quarantine site in the school gradually divides the villagers with infected villagers ostracised by the villagers and their loved ones, creating a social hierarchy based on health status. As the infected villagers reached the terminal stage and faced death, funeral, school closure, and posthumous marriage further demonstrated the social hierarchy shaped by wealth, government ranks, and influence.Bachelor of Arts in Chines