Factors that affect the outcome of transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy

Objectives: To determine the risk factors that affect the complication rates of transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy in order to stratify patient risk and tailor approaches to managing and counselling patients. Methods: A retrospective study of 868 patients who had undergone TRUS-guided prostate biopsy at Tan Tock Seng Hospital was conducted. Data was collected from case records on the CPSS 2 hospital database. These were reviewed for any complications that required treatment or hospitalization within 30 days after TRUSguided prostate biopsy. Complications such as haematuria, rectal bleeding, infection and urinary retention were correlated with clinical and pathological factors. Results: A total of 158 (18.2%) patients suffered from at least 1 or more complications that warranted treatment or hospitalization. 4.8% of patients were hospitalized. 2.8% of patients had haematuria, 3% experienced rectal bleeding, 10.6% had urinary retention and 3.7% were diagnosed with an infection, of which 1.2% was mild and 2.5% was severe. Haemorrhoids was a risk factor for rectal bleeding. Large prostate volume, old age and anticoagulation use was associated with urinary retention, while a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was a risk factor for infection. No risk factors were significantly associated with haematuria and hospitalization. Conclusions: Complications after TRUS-guided prostate biopsy are common but rarely life-threatening. Evaluating patient risk factors will help clinicians predict complications. This will allow them to provide more individualized counselling and management pre and post biopsy, to minimize complication risk.Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surger