Commerce, croissance et réduction de la pauvreté

Philippe Delleur Trade Growth and Poverty Do trade and growth favor the struggle against poverty in developing countries Several economists argue that poor countries need assistance but only trade in order to develop Others stress that foreign trade is dominated by rich countries and leaves the South marginalized Leaving aside the crucial question of rules governing trade trade and growth look essential to poverty reduction but the links between them are not automatic Income inequalities economic structures and political choices also interfere Benefits from openness are not equally shared among individuals and regions inside each country Poverty traps prevent the least developed countries especially in sub-Saharan Africa from participating actively in international trade Only combination of better internal governance progres sive liberalization of trade and big increase in foreign aid may help them over come these obstaclesLa croissance est généralement favorable à la réduction de la pauvreté, mais le lien n'est sans doute pas automatique. L'ouverture aux échanges est en général positive, mais l'insertion dans l'économie mondiale des pays les moins avancés se heurte souvent à des obstacles structurels : handicaps naturels, géographiques, etc. Il semble souhaitable d'intégrer une ouverture progressive aux échanges dans une stratégie anti-pauvreté soutenue par une aide internationale accrue.Delleur. Commerce, croissance et réduction de la pauvreté. In: Politique étrangère, n°2 - 2005 - 70ᵉannée. pp. 373-385