LC–MS/MS-Guided Molecular Networking for Targeted Discovery of Undescribed and Bioactive Ophiobolins from Bipolaris eleusines

An integrated purification procedure through the LC–MS/MS-based molecular networking strategy combined with bioactive evaluation was first ushered for discovering bioactive ophiobolins from Bipolaris eleusines. Ophiobolins were mainly dispersed in five clusters, which were classified based on different ring systems and functional groups. Nine undescribed ophiobolins (1–6 and 9–11) and an undescribed natural product (8) along with two known analogs (7 and 12) were isolated in target. The undescribed structures were characterized by HR-ESI-MS, NMR spectra, and X-ray diffraction experiments. Compounds 3–12 exhibited strong phytotoxic effects on green foxtails by producing visible lesions, and compounds 1–10 and 12 displayed different levels of cytotoxic activities against cancer cell lines B16, Hep G2, and MCF-7, from which the possible structure–activity relationships were then suggested. The results have supported that bioactivity-guided molecular networking is an efficient strategy to expedite the discovery of undescribed bioactive natural products