SUMMARY. — In 1832, Auguste Comte, founder of positivism, demanded that history of sciences be officially recognized by the creation of a chair. First he asked that a chair in the general history of physical and mathematical sciences be institutionalized. With this end in view, he first approached Guizot, calling for a new, open philosophical spirit. He deplored the narrow spirit and limited taste for the specialities of the leading scientific institutions of the time — the École polytechnique and the Paris Academy of sciences. Comte argued for a general point of view, both systematic and historical, which appeared to him to be pedagogical necessity. In 1846, Comte broadened his request; he asked that a chair in the general history of posit...