Analisis Risiko Pada Proses Bisnis Konstruksi

Industri jasa konstruksi menjadi salah satu industri yang memiliki tingkat risiko tinggi. Hal ini disebabkan oleh lamanya proses konstruksi dan kompleksitasnya, sehingga menimbulkan beberapa risiko. Empat jenis risiko diklasifikasikan dalam proyek konstruksi: risiko operasional, risiko keuangan, risiko hazard, dan risiko strategis. PT X sebagai perusahaan konstruksi memiliki beberapa risiko dalam proses bisnis konstruksi, mulai dari fase perolehan kontrak hingga fase serah terima proyek. Proses bisnis konstruksi dipetakan ke dalam 5 fase Project Management Life Cycle (PMLC) meliputi Initiation, Planning, Execution, Monitoring, dan Closing. Untuk analisis risiko, penelitian ini menggunakan metode House of Risk (HOR) dua fase, yaitu fase identifikasi risiko dan penyebabnya (hasil berupa prioritas risiko) yang dikaji menggunakan diagram Pareto dan fase penentuan mitigasi risiko prioritas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 28 peristiwa risiko dan 28 penyebab risiko yang teridentifikasi. Dari hasil analisis risiko, terdapat 16 penyebab risiko prioritas yang diturunkan dari Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) tertinggi. Sedangkan terdapat 12 penyebab risiko yang tidak tergolong dalam penyebab risiko yang diberi mitigasi risiko pada PT X. ============================================================================================================================ Among the industries high level of risk is the construction service. Such a condition blames the long duration of the construction process and its complexity, resulting in several risks. Four types of risk are classified in the construction project: operational, financial, hazard, and strategic. PT X, as a construction company, has several risks in the construction business process, starting from the contract acquisition phase to the project handover phase. Construction business processes are mapped into 5 phases of the Project Management Life Cycle (PMLC) including Initiation, Planning, Execution, Monitoring, and Closing. For risk analysis, this study employed the two-phase House of Risk (HOR) method, i.e., the phase of risk identification and its causes (results in the form of priority risks) examined using a Pareto diagram and the phase of determining prioritized risk mitigation proposals. The results of this study show 28 identified risk events and risk agents. In terms of risk analysis results, there are 16 most important risk agents which are derived from the highest Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP). According to the selection analysis, there are 12 corrective mitigation actions for PT X