Calculation and simulation of semi-finished products forging for the gears manufacturing

U radu je proveden proračun i simulacija kovanja poluproizvoda za izradu zupčanika za dva različita materijala pri različitim temperaturama kovanja. Kovanje je jedan od najstarijih postupaka oblikovanja deformiranjem te se njegovim djelovanjem uvelike utječe na mehanička svojstva, kao i na izgled samog otkivka. Dvije vrste postupaka kovanja su predstavljene u radu, to su slobodno kovanje i kovanje u ukovnjima (otvorenim i zatvorenim). Strojevi na kojima se vrše operacije kovanja su batovi, preše i horizontalni kovački strojevi te je njihova podjela također prezentirana. Kroz proračunski dio se detaljnije upoznaje proces konstruiranja kovanja u otvorenim ukovnjima. Numerička simulacija je provedena u programu MSC Marc Mentat Student Edition te se tamo može pratiti zadavanje geometrije, izbor materijala, definiranje rubnih uvjeta i kontakta između tijela te pratiti tečenje materijala tijekom procesa kovanja. Na kraju su uspoređene sile kovanja te je dan komentar na tečenje i ponašanje dva različita materijala tijekom procesa kovanja.In this thesis, calculation and numerical simulation of forging of the semi-finished products for gear production is conducted. It was carried out at the different temperatures for two different materials. Forging is one of the oldest methods of deformation forming technology. It greatly affects the mechanical properties and the shape of the forging product. Two types of forging are presented in this thesis. They are free forging and die forging (open and closed). The machines on which forging operations are performed are hammers, presses and horizontal forging machines. Through calculation part, the design process of open die forging is conducted. Numerical simulation was carried out in the MSC Marc Mentat Student Edition program. There can the assignment of geometry, material choice, boundary condition, contact definition and material flow during the process be followed. At the end, forging forces were compared and the comment was given on flow and behavior of two different materials during the forging process