Unsafe Infant Feeding Practice and Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Mothers Attending PMTCT in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Demlie Zewdu,1 Daniel Mengistu Bekele,2 Kerebih Abere Bantigen,2 Addisu Dabi Wake3 1Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, Samara University, Afar, Ethiopia; 2School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 3Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Addisu Dabi Wake, Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, P.O. Box 193/04, Asella, Ethiopia, Tel +251 910 2867 66, Email addansa12@gmail.comIntroduction: Infant feeding practices can have an impact on the health of infants born to HIV-positive mothers. Breastfeeding has significant health advantages for newborns even while it increases the risk of HIV transmission from an HIV-positive mother to her child. One-third to half of child HIV infections in African settings may be linked to breastfeeding. This study was intended to investigate the level of unsafe infant feeding practice and associated factors among HIV positive mothers attending PMTCT at selected governmental hospitals in Afar regional state, Ethiopia, 2022.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 423 HIV positive mothers from February 15 to March 15, 2022 in Afar regional state at selected PMTCT providing governmental hospitals. The proportional allocation was done for samples to be taken from Asayta, Dupti and Mohammed Akle hospitals. A systematic sampling technique was performed to select the study participants. Epidata version 3.1 was used for data entry, and SPSS software version 23 was used for statistical analysis.Results: The majority, 296 (70.0%), of mothers with HIV-positive were aged between 25 and 34 years. The level of unsafe infant feeding practice among HIV-positive mothers was 153 (36.2%). About 270 (63.8%) mothers exclusively breastfed their infants. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, PNC follow-up (AOR=1.814, 95% CI: (1.127, 2.919)), ART follow-up (AOR=1.987, 95% CI: (1.128, 3.501)), and HIV disclosure status (AOR=2.324, 95% CI: (1.470, 3.673)) were significantly associated with unsafe infant feeding practice among HIV-positive mothers.Conclusion: The level of unsafe infant feeding practice among HIV-positive mothers was high. PNC follow-up, ART follow-up, and HIV disclosure status were significantly associated with unsafe infant feeding practice among HIV-positive mothers. Comprehensive health educations need to be provided for HIV-positive mothers to reduce this problem.Keywords: AIDS, infant feeding practice, HIV, Afar regional state, Ethiopia, nutritio