A locally adaptive CMOS image sensor with 90dB dynamic range

An integrated 128x128 CMOS image sensor with programmable diffusion kernel for local brightness adaptation and contrast enhancement has been developed and successfully tested. Local brightness adaptation is achieved by dividing each individual pixel photocurrent by the average photocurrent of the corresponding kernel. The chip has been realized in a 1mu m standard CMOS process. The pixel pitch is 47mu m and the total chip area is 86,4mm2. Power dissipation is 20mW at 5V power supply. The maximum clock frequency is around 4 MHz allowing a frame rate of 240 frames/s and 90 dB dynamic range. The size of the adaption kernel is 3 bit programmable