Since the Nazis' downfall, the theme of Germany's responsibility for peace in the world has enabled the Churches to appear as the repositories of a national identity presumed to continue despite the frontier between the two States. The Protestants, in both East and West Germany, use the occasions provided by the anniversaries of the 1939-1945 war to affirm the irreducible opposition of the German people as a whole to war and to the arms race. More recently, the Catholics, especially in East Germany, have rediscovered their place in the German community. For them, working for peace means working alongside the Protestants, in keeping with the oecumenism advocated by the Vatican. Thus, pacifism implies for the German churches the possibility o...