Observing a series of phenomena lias led the author to formulate the following hypothesis: is a form of Islamic religion specific to the Muslim community in a situation of diaspora emerging nowadays as an autonomous reality? After a brief synthesis on the concept of diaspora as a category for analysis and as a condition for the rearrangement of religious and cultural identities, the article attempts to show how the Jewish paradigm and the typology of its experiences as a scattered community can help us to understand the Muslim diaspora. The characteristics of the latter are then examined, in particular: a) the persistence of links between the scattered Muslim community and its countries of origin, and the reinterpretation of the situation o...