Multiple CFOs in OFDM-SDMA uplink: Interference analysis and compensation

In OFDM-based space division multiple access (SDMA) systems, multiple users are served by a multiantenna base station simultaneously on the same frequency resources. In the uplink, each user's signal may be distorted by an independent carrier frequency offset (CFO), which impairs the orthogonality of the subcarrier signals and, if not properly compensated, results in performance degradations. We analyze the influence of multiusers' CFOs on the signal transmission in the OFDM-SDMA uplink and derive suitable bounds for the achievable signal-to-interference conditions. By modifying the signalmodel suitably, we develop a simple scheme for partial compensation of the CFO distortions. It allows to maintain the subcarrier-wise channel equalization and thus is well suited to be applied for a real-time system implementation. However, as CFOs impair the cyclic structure of the OFDM symbols, our scheme is not able to compensate for the entire distortion. The remaining interference is treated as additional noise, which limits the supported size of the CFOs