Ansätze zur Bewertung der Verfügbarkeit von Schadstoffen im nachsorgenden Bodenschutz. Tl.III: Verfügbarkeit/Bioverfügbarkeit von Schadstoffen für Pflanzen und Bodenorganismen

Decisions on the reuse of contaminated sites can be supported by specific investigations with respect to the available substance concentrations of a site. In contrast to an assessment based on the total concentration of a contamination an evaluation considering the available fraction results in a more realistic characterization and in a higher number of sites with an option for reuse. In case the determination of available concentrations of a contamination using suitable extraction methods is successful, at least basic scientifically justified predictions are possible on the potential hazard of a contaminated site. A prerequisite is that the exposure pathway (e.g. the uptake of the contaminants via pore water, soil contact, soil uptake or via food) is simulated for the specific groups of organisms under consideration. The present review article focuses on elution and extraction methods to determine the portions of contaminants which are bioavailable for flora and soil organisms and can be linked to biological processes