After studying individual careers and traditions concerning the most important Athenian strategoi of the Fourth century B.C. (in particular Chabrias, Iphicrates, Timotheus and Chares), the aim of this paper is to offer now an overview of Xenophon’s interpretations. The attitude of the historian, in fact, is very interesting and seems to be included in a general will to minimize the new Athenian hegemony and to ascribe its successes to the Spartan crisis, omitting or only mentioning some of the main political and military events of the Athenian history in these years and often obliterating its prominent personalities. However, even though Xenophon shows little interest in Conon, Callistratus or Chabrias (whose enterprises a...