I AM 4 VHO : new approach to improve seamless vertical handover in heterogeneous wireless networks

Two mechanisms have been proposed independently by IEEE and 3GPP; namely, Media IndependentHandover (MIH) and Access Network Discovery and Selection Function (ANDSF), respectively. Thesemechanisms enable a seamless Vertical Handover (VHO) between the different types of technologies(3GPP and non-3GPP), such as GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Universal Mobile TelecommunicationsSystem (UMTS) and Long Term Evolution (LTE). In this paper, we overview these mechanisms and showtheir components, benefits and drawbacks. Then we present our Imperative Alternative MIH for VerticalHandover (I AM 4 VHO) approach based on the approaches that have been studied in the literature withbetter performance (packet loss and latency), less connection failure (probability of reject sessions), lesscomplexity and more exhaustive for enhancing VHO heterogeneous wireless networks environment