City branding and sustainable urban development

City destination branding is "the steps city destination management organisations take to develop and communicate particular identities and personalities for city tourism that are different from those of all competitors” (Morrison and Maxim, 2022, p. 139). What is the relationship between city destination branding and sustainable urban development? In this chapter, the authors argue that it is when particular cities use sustainability or stewardship as part of their expressions of identity and personality. They want visitors and residents to associate them with sustainability. Several examples of countries that feature sustainability in destination branding include New Zealand, Costa Rica, Bhutan, Dominica, and Slovenia. However, more attention should be given to combining sustainability and branding at a city level, particularly in the context of smart cities and smart tourism destinations (Coca-Stefaniak, 2019; Huertas et al., 2021), although many urban areas are heavily engaged with sustainable development. Insch (2011) also noted limited research on green destination marketing and branding, and this chapter addresses these gaps in the literature. The main aim of this chapter was to explore the relationship between sustainable urban development and city destination branding. The specific objectives were to: 1. Compare place branding, city branding, and destination branding 2. Discuss green destination branding 3. Review the relationship between city destination branding and sustainable urban development 4. Analyse sustainable tourism city branding cases and derive indicators and actions for sustainable branding strategies 5. Describe a new paradigm for city destination brandin