Assessment of embodied carbon transfer in China’s interregional gas–electricity–heat trade based on multi-stream and multi-node model

With the implementation of the national ”dual carbon” goal, fully and effectively evaluating the spatial carbon transfer of regional natural gas–electricity–heat trade flows will help to better clarify the regional carbon emission reduction responsibilities and improve the efficiency of regional coordinated emission reduction. Therefore, this paper adopts an accounting system based on production and consumption, constructs a multi-stream and multi-node carbon transfer assessment model of regional natural gas–electricity–heat chain, calculates the embodied carbon transfer of natural gas–electricity–heat trade transmission, and analyzes the path of spatial transfer of implied carbon emissions between regions in China. The results show that the implicit spatial carbon transfer pattern of China’ s gas, electricity and heat cross-regional trade shows that Beijing, Tianjin and coastal developed areas have gradually become the main carbon inflows, and the NWC, NEC and other regions with rich resources but underdeveloped areas have become the main carbon outflows; the path of regional carbon transfer is roughly from upstream underdeveloped regions to downstream regions with better economic development, of which the secondary and tertiary transfers of embodied carbon from natural gas account for 6.1% and 0.8% of the total transfer